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SCIENCE & SPIRITUALITY
Dr. John E. Brandenburg - Dead Mars, Dying Earth - P1/2
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Welcome, noble viewers,
to Science and Spirituality
on Supreme Master
Television.
Although the surface
of Mars appears to have
been barren and
lifeless for eternity,
scientists are closely
studying the geological
and geochemical data
from the red planet
for evidence of it having
had a biosphere similar
to Earth in the past.
Dr. John Brandenburg,
a theoretical plasma
physicist from
the United States,
believes that
a humanoid civilization
once lived on Mars.
He is one of the authors
of “Dead Mars,
Dying Earth,”
a book concerning Mars’
past and the lessons
its history holds
for our planet’s future.
Lately we have observed
many severe
weather-related disasters
around the globe and
the rapid disappearance
of a number of species,
which are urgent signals
from Mother Earth
that the planet is
undergoing tremendous
environmental stress.
A key message of
his book is if we do not
make immediate changes,
the signs unmistakably
point to our fragile abode
sharing a fate similar
to the red planet.
Let us now hear from
Dr. Brandenburg about
the book and his theories
regarding life on Mars.
We are in Madison,
Wisconsin (USA), with
Dr. John E. Brandenburg,
a plasma physicist
in an aerospace company
in the mid-west.
Greetings Dr. Brandenburg.
Very good to have you here.
Among the wonderful
reviews and comments
on your book
“Dead Mars, Dying Earth,”
Michael Shermer,
publisher of
Skeptic magazine
and host of
the NPR radio show
“Science Talk,” commented:
“An environmental study
so big it takes two planets
to tell it.
These are stories of science
to save a planet’s soul.
They climb inside
your heart and mind.
Read ‘Dead Mars,
Dying Earth’
and your home will never
look the same.”
Well that’s very kind of him
to say that.
So what motivated you
and Monica Rix Paxson
to write the book
“Dead Mars Dying Earth?”
Well, we were
very concerned
about the course
the planet was on
and we were hoping
to change it
in a good direction.
We’ve helped
make global warming
more of a concern.
We must be careful
what we dump
into the atmosphere.
What evidence led you
to the determination that
there was water,
an ocean, an Earth-like
environment
and life on Mars
in the past, well before
NASA’s finding
that water could
have existed on Mars?
The most obvious evidence
that there was an ocean
on Mars was the fact
that the lower elevations
shown here in blue on Mars
are much smoother.
You’ll see heavy craters
and then a very smooth area
at a certain elevation
and it became obvious
to us that that’s where
an ocean had been.
There were also
isotopic ratios
that they had measured
in the atmosphere
that suggested that
Mars had lost a great deal
of oxygen and hydrogen
in the form of water
in the past, and
other estimates based on
just the rocks of Mars
that Mars rocks
must have contained
enough water to fill
an ocean like on Earth.
So what would you say is
the significance of that?
Where you find water,
liquid water,
you will find life.
These long lost
civilizations on Mars
are hypothesized to be
located at several sites,
including areas
of the planet called
“Cydonia” and “Utopia.”
This is known as
the Cydonian Hypothesis.
Can you comment on how
this Cydonia Hypothesis
has evolved?
Well,
the Cydonian Hypothesis
was formulated by us
based on the photographs
from the Viking (spacecraft)
of what looks like
the remains
of a dead civilization,
archaeological remnants.
They are found
right at the shore
of an inlet of the ocean,
what would have been
the coastline of the ocean
and near the mouth
of a river channel.
So it looked like
a good place to build a city
if you were
a primitive people,
like ourselves, in the past.
Also we found other sites,
particularly here in Utopia,
where there were
similar structures and
we published all of this.
Most people thought it was
an interesting hypothesis.
And in the course of that,
we formulated the ideas
that there had been
an ocean on Mars
so we started publishing
just about the ocean.
Now, the ocean is
a very much accepted
hypothesis on Mars.
These parts in
the southern part of Mars,
the highlands,
have many craters.
Up in the north, however,
it is very smooth,
very few craters.
That means that those
terrains are very young
compared to the rest of Mars.
So the ocean is on
the youngest part of Mars,
not the old part.
This means the ocean,
if it existed, existed
for most of Mars’ history
and only disappeared
in recent geologic time.
And where you have
liquid water you have
basically conditions
like on Earth.
The oceans on Earth
define our environment
as a place where it is good
for people to live.
The fact that the ocean is
on the youngest part
of Mars means
the ocean persisted
for most of Mars’ history.
This means that
you not only had a chance
for life to be on Mars
in that ocean
but for that life to evolve.
You may have had fish
on Mars,
and even porpoises.
So this is
a profound thought.
It’s not just
that Mars had life;
it had it for a long time.
We’ll be back with more
from our fascinating
interview with
Dr. Brandenburg after
these brief messages.
Please stay tuned
to Supreme Master
Television.
Welcome back,
caring viewers to
Science and Spirituality
on Supreme Master
Television.
We are speaking with
Dr. John Brandenburg,
a brilliant US physicist
who is sharing with us
his research regarding
Martian history and its
significance to humanity.
How long,
based on your research,
has Mars had an
Earth-like environment?
Probably up until about
half a billion years ago.
Now that sounds like a
long time in earthly terms,
or at least in human terms.
However, that is
most of the geologic age
of the Earth.
The Earth is four and a half
billion years old.
Mars is a similar age
and the solar system
formed four and a half
billion years ago.
So this means
almost all of Mars’ history,
it had an ocean
and conditions
suitable for life on Earth.
Dr. Brandenburg
theorizes that
the habitable atmosphere
on Mars disappeared
following an asteroid
impacting the planet.
Mars basically flash froze
in a day or so, and
almost all the living things
on Mars perished.
So do you think that life
currently exists on Mars?
Yes.
We would find rather
primitive organisms
than can survive under
very harsh conditions.
The primitive bacteria
would have survived
this catastrophe, and
managed to hang onto
little ecological niches
on Mars.
A hot spring here,
buried organic debris,
like coal, deposits of
old organic matter
that they could still eat.
In fact, evidence for this
is large amounts of
methane are coming out
of parts of Mars’ surface
and this is probably
from old ocean sediments
being digested by bacteria.
This happens on Earth
in swamps.
So, you wrote about
your perspective
of indigenous and
intelligent life on Mars.
Will you elaborate on that
and explain how and why
research findings
about Mars make
a profound statement
about the present
and future welfare
of the Earth?
The human race
should be careful about
what it does to this planet,
that we should tend
and nurture this planet
rather than just
riding roughshod over it.
We should be careful
how we alter the balance
of life on this planet
by dumping
all this carbon dioxide
into the atmosphere
and other things
that we are doing.
Also, it made us aware that
we are part of the cosmos.
We can’t turn our backs
on it and hope
it will leave us alone.
The cosmos will reach out
and touch you.
It used to be the world
was the Earth
to the human race.
The world is
no longer the Earth,
the world is the cosmos
that we live in.
We must understand
the cosmos.
We must go out
and explore it, find out
who our neighbors are,
get to know them, etc.
By the way,
the Cydonian Hypothesis
was basically a hypothesis
that life and intelligence
were to be found
everywhere throughout
the universe.
If you go to the first planet
in the universe
that’s Earth-like
and you can explore it
and you find liquid water
which means
almost definitely
there had been life there,
that not only finding
conditions for life but
conditions for long-term life
where you could
have evolution and
in fact intelligence,
then you must imagine
that the cosmos is full
of planets like Earth
with people on them.
In 1976,
the US spacecraft
Viking Orbiter I
recorded images of Mars.
One image taken
has astounded many
astronomers, cosmologists
and other scientists –
a likeness of the human face
on the planet’s surface.
What’s even more amazing
is that later additional
“faces” were found
in other regions of Mars.
The “Face” on Mars,
since it looked humanoid,
some people immediately
said, “Well that can’t be
a sign of intelligence.
It must be a trick of lighting
because anyone
on another planet
wouldn’t look like us.
They would look like
something else.”
I find that reasoning
kind of nonsensical
because we look like
the way we do
for perfectly
reasonable reasons.
So I just thought that
we should investigate
and we then published
the results of
our investigation and
the public’s imagination
was captured.
So, well we published
this hypothesis and
in my opinion, the evidence
that has been coming in,
including new pictures,
have tended to
support the hypothesis.
Can you comment
on more recent research
findings on Mars
based on NASA’s
and European Space
Agency’s new data?
They’re finding that Mars
not only had an ocean
but apparently had oxygen;
it was highly oxidizing.
They’ll say “it was
highly oxidizing there,”
meaning
there was lots of oxygen.
That’s why Mars is red.
To even have
liquid water there,
they had to have had a
rather dense atmosphere
of carbon dioxide
to trap a lot of heat,
carbon dioxide and methane
in addition to oxygen.
So, we’re finding
lots of evidence to support
The New Mars Synthesis,
which is just
the basic statement
about Mars’ climate
being Earth-like
for a long period.
Since that’s 90% of
the Cydonian hypothesis,
the Cydonian hypothesis
is being also reinforced.
Our respectful appreciation
goes to
Dr. John Brandenburg
for giving us insight
into his research
on the history of Mars.
Please join us again
next Monday on
Science and Spirituality
for Part 2 of our interview
with this highly
knowledgeable physicist.
“Dead Mars, Dying Earth”
is available at
Interested viewers,
thank you
for your company
on today’s program.
Words of Wisdom
is next, following
Noteworthy News.
May we learn wisely
from the fate of
our neighboring planets
and become better stewards
of our precious Earth.
For more details
on Dr. Brandenburg,
please visit
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