- 有機農耕有助於重建和取代土壤中的碳。(最近在澳洲新南威爾斯州舉行的碳耕會議上,約翰‧克勞馥教授提出的研究報告)
- 如果所有可耕地都轉變成種植有機蔬菜的農田,不僅能餵飽所有人,還能免除畜牧業所產生的 50%以上的廢氣,並吸收大氣中高達 40%的溫室氣體。(羅代爾研究所〔Rodale Institute〕,2008年)
- 用於肉類生產的土地得以恢復到自然狀態,從而有助於從大氣中快速吸收大量的二氧化碳。(荷蘭環境評估委員會)
- 動物養殖場經營方式的改變,例如:提高牲畜飼養方法的效率、改善糞肥處理等,都不足以達成英國2030年溫室氣體排放的目標。減少肉類和乳品的生產和消費,才能更有效地減緩全球暖化,同時增進大眾健康和挽救生命。(「因應氣候變遷的保健之道」,《刺胳針》〔The Lancet〕醫學雜誌,2009年)
- 畜牧業減排計畫,例如:提供動物不同的食物來源、使用動物糞肥作為燃料等,只減少幾個百分點的碳排量,而實際上卻可能造成更多的食品質量和道德問題。(紐西蘭農業研究所〔AgResearch〕一項為期10年的研究)必須減少肉類和乳品消費量,才能有效地將畜牧業的溫室氣體排放量減至最少。(英國食品道德委員會〔Food Ethics Council〕執行長湯姆麥克米倫〔Tom MacMillan〕)
- 回收甲烷作為能源是不適當的計畫。
- 從工廠化養殖場的牲畜糞肥中回收甲烷,是完全不適當的作法,因為:
- 大部分的甲烷是由動物腸道發酵產生的,其數量是糞肥的3倍多。
- 這個回收系統在技術上或成本上並非完全可行。
- 沼氣池系統通常是設在養殖場裡,每天都要收集大量的液體糞肥。
- 工廠化養殖場所造成的許多嚴重的環境問題仍未解決,更別提能由回收甲烷得到任何利益。
- 全球暖化/溫室氣體排放
- 生物多樣性喪失
- 大量耗費水、食物、抗生素和石化燃料
- 空氣、水、土壤等污染
- 不衛生的細菌和病毒滋生的溫床
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參考來源 |
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- Crawford, J. (2009). Can Soil Choose To Sequester Carbon? Unpublished presentation on Carbon Farming & Expo. New South Wales, Australia, November 4-5th, 2009. Retrieved January 11, 2011 from http://www.fromthesoilup.com.au/15/images/stories/Oct%2009/conference_program1-2a.pdf
- Hough, A. (2010, Feb 3). Britain facing food crisis as world’s soil ‘vanishes in 60 years’. The Telegraph. Retrieved January 11, 2011 from
http://www.telegraph.co.uk/earth/agriculture/farming/6828878/Britain-facing-food-crisis-as-worlds-soil-vanishes-in-60-years.html
- LaSalle, T. J. and Hepperly, P. (2008). Regenerative Organic Farming: A Solution to Global Warming. Rodale Institute. Retrieved January 11, 2011 from Rodale Institute website http://www.rodaleinstitute.org/files/Rodale_Research_Paper-07_30_08.pdf
- Stehfest, E., Bouwman, L., van Vuuren, D.P., den Elzen, M.G.J., Eickhout, B. and Kabat, P. (2009, February 4). Climate benefits of changing diet. PBL Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency. Retrieved January 11, 2011 from http://www.pbl.nl/en/publications/2009/Climate-benefits-of-changing-diet
- The Health Benefits of Tackling Climate Change. (2009). The Lancet. Retrieved January 11, 2011 from
http://download.thelancet.com/flatcontentassets/series/health-and-climate-change.pdf
- Methane Sources and Emissions (2010, June 22). U.S. EPA. Retrieved January 11, 2011 from http://www.epa.gov/methane/sources.html
- FAQ: How do animal wastes create methane emissions? (2010, October 19). U.S. Environmental Protection Agency [EPA]. Retrieved January 11, 2011 from
http://www.epa.gov/agstar/anaerobic/faq.html#q4
- Tieman R. (2010, January 26). Livestock: Burping cow is just part of the problem. An article on a decade-long study by New Zealand’s AgResearch. Financial Times. Retrieved January 11, 2011 from http://www.ft.com/cms/s/0/bdde1dec-0a00-11df-8b23-00144feabdc0.html#axzz1EWd9Zq9e
- Meat consumption trends and environmental implications (2007). U.K. Food Ethics Council. Retrieved January 11, 2011 from
http://www.foodethicscouncil.org/system/files/businessforum201107.pdf
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