- 有机农耕有助于重建和取代土壤中的碳。(最近在澳洲新南威尔斯州举行的碳耕会议上,约翰‧克劳馥教授提出的研究报告)
- 如果所有可耕地都转变成种植有机蔬菜的农田,不仅能喂饱所有人,还能免除畜牧业所产生的 50%以上的废气,并吸收大气中高达 40%的温室气体。(罗代尔研究所〔Rodale Institute〕,2008年)
- 用于肉类生产的土地得以恢复到自然状态,从而有助于从大气中快速吸收大量的二氧化碳。(荷兰环境评估委员会)
- 动物养殖场经营方式的改变,例如:提高牲畜饲养方法的效率、改善粪肥处理等,都不足以达成英国2030年温室气体排放的目标。减少肉类和乳品的生产和消费,才能更有效地减缓全球暖化,同时增进大众健康和挽救生命。(「因应气候变迁的保健之道」,《刺胳针》〔The Lancet〕医学杂志,2009年)
- 畜牧业减排计划,例如:提供动物不同的食物来源、使用动物粪肥作为燃料等,只减少几个百分点的碳排量,而实际上却可能造成更多的食品质量和道德问题。(新西兰农业研究所〔AgResearch〕一项为期10年的研究)必须减少肉类和乳品消费量,才能有效地将畜牧业的温室气体排放量减至最少。(英国食品道德委员会〔Food Ethics Council〕执行长汤姆麦克米伦〔Tom MacMillan〕)
- 回收甲烷作为能源是不适当的计划。
- 从工厂化养殖场的牲畜粪肥中回收甲烷,是完全不适当的作法,因为:
- 大部分的甲烷是由动物肠道发酵产生的,其数量是粪肥的3倍多。
- 这个回收系统在技术上或成本上并非完全可行。
- 沼气池系统通常是设在养殖场里,每天都要收集大量的液体粪肥。
- 工厂化养殖场所造成的许多严重的环境问题仍未解决,更别提能由回收甲烷得到任何利益。
- 全球暖化/温室气体排放
- 生物多样性丧失
- 大量耗费水、食物、抗生素和石化燃料
- 空气、水、土壤等污染
- 不卫生的细菌和病毒滋生的温床
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参考来源 |
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- Crawford, J. (2009). Can Soil Choose To Sequester Carbon? Unpublished presentation on Carbon Farming & Expo. New South Wales, Australia, November 4-5th, 2009. Retrieved January 11, 2011 from http://www.fromthesoilup.com.au/15/images/stories/Oct%2009/conference_program1-2a.pdf
- Hough, A. (2010, Feb 3). Britain facing food crisis as world’s soil ‘vanishes in 60 years’. The Telegraph. Retrieved January 11, 2011 from
http://www.telegraph.co.uk/earth/agriculture/farming/6828878/Britain-facing-food-crisis-as-worlds-soil-vanishes-in-60-years.html
- LaSalle, T. J. and Hepperly, P. (2008). Regenerative Organic Farming: A Solution to Global Warming. Rodale Institute. Retrieved January 11, 2011 from Rodale Institute website http://www.rodaleinstitute.org/files/Rodale_Research_Paper-07_30_08.pdf
- Stehfest, E., Bouwman, L., van Vuuren, D.P., den Elzen, M.G.J., Eickhout, B. and Kabat, P. (2009, February 4). Climate benefits of changing diet. PBL Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency. Retrieved January 11, 2011 from http://www.pbl.nl/en/publications/2009/Climate-benefits-of-changing-diet
- The Health Benefits of Tackling Climate Change. (2009). The Lancet. Retrieved January 11, 2011 from
http://download.thelancet.com/flatcontentassets/series/health-and-climate-change.pdf
- Methane Sources and Emissions (2010, June 22). U.S. EPA. Retrieved January 11, 2011 from http://www.epa.gov/methane/sources.html
- FAQ: How do animal wastes create methane emissions? (2010, October 19). U.S. Environmental Protection Agency [EPA]. Retrieved January 11, 2011 from
http://www.epa.gov/agstar/anaerobic/faq.html#q4
- Tieman R. (2010, January 26). Livestock: Burping cow is just part of the problem. An article on a decade-long study by New Zealand’s AgResearch. Financial Times. Retrieved January 11, 2011 from http://www.ft.com/cms/s/0/bdde1dec-0a00-11df-8b23-00144feabdc0.html#axzz1EWd9Zq9e
- Meat consumption trends and environmental implications (2007). U.K. Food Ethics Council. Retrieved January 11, 2011 from
http://www.foodethicscouncil.org/system/files/businessforum201107.pdf
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