Meso
NEKAJ BOLEZNI, POVEZANIH Z UŽIVANJEM/PRIDELAVO MESA:
• prašičja gripa
• bolezen modrega jezika
• E. coli
• salmoneloza
• ptičja gripa
• bolezen norih krav (BSE)
• poodstavitveno hiranje pitancev (PMWS)
• listerioza
• zastrupitev s školjkami
• preeklampsija
NEKATERE POSLEDICE UŽIVANJA MESA:
BOLEZNI SRCA
• Več kot 17 milijonov žrtev letno.
• Stroški zdravljenja kardiovaskularnih bolezni znašajo najmanj bilijon USD letno.
RAK
• Več kot 1 milijon bolnikov letno z novoodkritim rakom debelega črevesa.
• Več kot 600.000 žrtev letno, povezanih z rakom debelega črevesa.
• Samo v ZDA zdravljenje raka debelega črevesa stane okrog 6,5 milijarde USD.
• Vsako leto pri več milijonih ljudi na novo odkrijejo različne vrste raka, povezanega z
uživanjem mesa.
DIABETES (SLADKORNA BOLEZEN)
• 246 milijonov prizadetih ljudi na svetu.
• Stroški zdravljenja so v ZDA ocenjeni na 174 milijard USD letno.
DEBELOST
• Na svetu je 1,6 milijarde pretežkih odraslih prebivalcev in še 400 milijonov debelih.
• Samo v ZDA znašajo medicinski stroški 93 milijard USD letno.
• Vsaj 2,6 milijona ljudi umre letno zaradi težav, povezanih s preveliko težo ali debelostjo.
UČINKI NA OKOLJE
• Zahteva skoraj 70% čiste vode.
• Onesnažuje večino vodnih teles.
• S sekanjem gozdov uničuje pljuča Zemlje.
• Troši skoraj 43% svetovnega pridelka žitaric.
• Troši skoraj 85% svetovnega pridelka soje.
• Povzroča vojne in lakoto na svetu.
• Povzroča 80% globalnega segrevanja.
IN TO NI VSE …
NEKAJ POSLEDIC UŽIVANJA MLEKA:
• Rak dojk, prostate in mod zaradi hormonov, prisotnih v mleku
• Listerioza in Crohnova bolezen
• Hormoni in nasičene maščobe vodijo k osteoporozi, debelosti, diabetesu in boleznim srca
• Povezava z večjo pogostostjo multiple skleroze
• Opredeljeno kot glavni alergen
• Intoleranca za laktozo
IN TO NI VSE …
NEKATERE KORISTI VEGETARIJANSKE PREHRANE:
• znižuje krvni pritisk,
• znižuje nivo holesterola,
• blaži sladkorno bolezen tipa 2,
• preprečuje pogoje za kap,
• izboljšuje aterosklerozo,
• zmanjšuje tveganje srčnih bolezni za 50%,
• zmanjšuje tveganje srčnih operacij za 80%,
• preprečuje več oblik raka,
• krepi imunski sistem,
• podaljšuje življenjsko dobo do 15 let,
• višji inteligenčni količnik (IQ),
• ohranja do 70% čiste vode,
• obvaruje 80% posekanega amazonskega deževnega
gozda pred opustošenjem zaradi paše,
• predstavlja rešitev za svetovno lakoto:
o sprošča do 3.4 milijarde hektarov zemlje letno,
o sprošča do 760 miljionov ton žita (polovico svetovnega pridelka žita),
• troši 1/3 fosilnih goriv v primerjavi s pridelavo mesa,
• zmanjšuje onesnaženje, ki ga povzročajo neprimerno odloženi živalski odpadki,
• vzdržuje čistejši zrak,
• prihrani 4,5 ton emisij na gospodinjstvo ZDA letno,
• preprečuje 80% globalnega segrevanja,
IN TO NI VSE … |
Alkohol
SOME OF THE TRAGIC TOLLS OF ALCOHOL: 1.8 million alcohol-related deaths per year worldwide
Cost of alcohol-related illnesses:
- US$186.4 billion in the United States
- Up to US$210 - 665 billion globally
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Disease
- Cancer
- Liver disease
- Cardiovascular disease
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Brain Damage
- Amnesia and dementia
- Brain shrinkage
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Organ Failure
- Heart
- Liver
- Kidneys
- Stomach
- Pancreas
- Eyes
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Birth Defects
- Mental retardation
- Fetal Alcohol Syndrome:
- Stunted growth
- facial deformity
- Sudden Infant Death Syndrome
- Miscarriage
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Alcohol-related Violence
- Child abuse: 50% of cases
- Violence toward loved ones: 30% of cases
- Violent acts: 40–80% of cases
- Suicides: 20-50% of cases
| PLUS MORE…
For help quitting, please visit the following websites:
NEKATERE KORISTI OD PREPOVEDI ALKOHOLA:
FINANČNE KORISTI
Kanadska študija ocenjuje, da bi lahko intervencijski programi za zmanjšanje potrošnje alkohola rešili 880
življenj in 1 milijardo USD letno.
SMRTNOST
- Zaradi 10% zmanjšanja prodaje vodke se je v Rusiji v letu dni občutno zmajšalo število smrti, povezanih z alkoholom.
- Če se gibljemo, pijemo manj alkohola, uživamo sadje ter zelenjavo in ne kadimo, lahko pričakujemo 14 let daljše življenje.
- Svetovna zdravstvena organizacija (WHO) je ugotovila, da ukrepi vlad, ki vključujejo višji davek, zmanjšanje števila dni v
tednu in omejevanje števila ur na dan, ko je alkohol na razpolago ter zvišanje spodnje starostne meje pivcev, učinkovito
zmanjšujejo škodo, ki jo povzroča alkohol. Natančneje:
o Povečanje davka na alkohol za 10% v Evropski Uniji bi rešilo 9.000 življenj letno.
o Če bi bila prodaja alkohola v Evropski Uniji prepovedana en dan v tednu, bi se izognili 123.000 izgubljenim letom
zaradi delovne nezmožnosti in prezgodnje smrti.
RAK
Študija Svetovnega sklada za raziskavo raka ugotavlja, da zmanjšanje potrošnje mesa in alkohola zmanjšuje tveganje raka.
DRUGE BOLEZNI
- Regeneracija in sposobnost možganov se povečata po opustitvi alkohola.
- Bolniki z alkoholnim hepatitisom lahko popolnoma ozdravijo, če se odpovejo alkoholu in se primerno hranijo.
- Bodybuilding.com ugotavlja, da so bodibilderji, ki ne pijejo alkohola, na boljšem glede prirasta mišic, hidracije, obnovitve,
presnove in koncentracije.
- Kot posledica občinske prepovedi v Barrowu (Aljaska) se je predporodna potrošnja alkohola zmanjšala za več kot 30%.
- Spletna stran health.com poroča, da so koristi življenja brez alkohola naslednje:
• boljši odnosi s prijatelji in družino,
• na voljo več denarja in časa za druge stvari,
• izboljšane razmere na delu in odnosi s sodelavci,
• boljše duševno stanje,
• spoznavanje novih prijateljev za poživljajoče aktivnosti.
- Skupina nekdanjih alkoholikov je v spletnem forumu izmenjala naslednje opažene pridobitve brezalkoholnega življenjskega
sloga:
• boljše zdravje,
• bolj kakovosten prosti čas,
• več denarja,
• več časa za igro z otroki,
• večje zaupanje vase in samospoštovanje,
• bolj spoštljiv odnos do lastnega življenja.
POMEN ZA DRUŽBO
- Prepoved točenja alkoholnih pijač na Novi Zelandiji je za 98% zmanjšala število prekrškov, storjenih pod vplivom alkohola,
zmanjšalo pa se je tudi število drugih kaznivih dejanj.
- Ko so v rezervatu Blackfeet Native American prepovedali prodajo alkohola med vsakoletnimi Dnevi severnoameriških
Indiancev, so štiri tedne kasneje ugotovili naslednje:
• nič prometnih nesreč v rezervatu Blackfeet,
• nič pridržanih zaradi vožnje pod vplivom alkohola,
• 64% manj motenj javljenih policiji,
• 44% manj pretepov,
• 75% manj ljudi, potrebnih bolnišnične oskrbe,
• 25% manj obtožb zaradi neprimernega obnašanja, opijanja v
javnosti ali posedovanja odprtih posod z alkoholom.
- Raziskava v Novi Mehiki (ZDA) kaže, da se nedeljska prepoved prodaje alkohola odraža v manjšem številu trčenj in
poškodovanih v prometu.
- Število kaznivih dejanj v Aberystwythu, UK, se je zaradi prepovedi točenja alkohola zmanjšalo za 15%.
- Zaradi uspeha pri zmanjšanju kriminala je v Coffs Harbour Cityju (Avstralija) prepoved točenja alkohola postala trajna.
- Odkar so v Kinkaid Lakeju v ZDA prepovedali alkohol, ni več utopitev pri kopanju, je manj resnih nesreč pri čolnarjenju in manj
kriminala.
MLADOSTNIKI
- Uslužbenci poročajo o zmanjšanju vandalizma po prepovedi alkohola v naselju Oklahomske univerze v ZDA.
- Odkar na Floridi, ZDA, ne točijo alkohola mlajšim od 21 let (prej 18), se je občutno zmanjšalo število žrtev avtomobilskih nesreč.
- Prostovoljna prepoved prodaje alkohola mlajšim od 21 let v vasi Marske (Združeno kraljestvo) je po zmanjšanju kriminalitete
in protidružbenega vedenja postala trajna. |
Droge
SOME OF THE TRAGIC TOLLS OF ADDICTIVE DRUG ABUSE: Over 200,000 deaths each year.Costs of US$181 billion each year in the United States, US$33 billion in the UK. Lifetime cost of current drug addiction amounts to US$575 billion in the UK.
HARMFUL EFFECTS:
- Brain damage
- Stroke
- Heart Disease
- Liver Disease
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- Tuberculosis
- Emphysema
- Cancer
- Depression
- Suicide
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- Permanent memory loss
- Mental illness
- Higher infant mortality
- Increased crime and violence
- Impotence
| CRIME AND VIOLENCE
- Illegal drugs are a factor in 50% of burglaries in the United Kingdom each year.
- In the US, 60% of people arrested each year have been taking illegal drugs.
- Six hundred fifty heroin addicts in the US committed 70,000 crimes in a three-month period.
SOCIAL COSTS
- US businesses lose US$100 billion per year due to employees’ drug and alcohol abuse.
- Australians pay US$53 billion per year for health care, law enforcement and lost productivity of drug users.
DEATH
- 52 people die each day due to drugs in the US.
- In Canada, substance abuse is attributed to 21 percent of total deaths and 23 percent of potential life years lost due to early mortalities.
PLUS MORE…
For help quitting, please visit the following websites:
SOME BENEFITS OF DRUG ABSTINENCE & TREATMENT
- In the US, treatment for drug addiction has been shown to save lives, reduce crime and rebuild families, along with:
- 69% of those treated being drug-free one year after treatment
- 64% reduction in arrests one year after treatment
- A vaccine has been developed in the United Kingdom that can help wean cocaine addicts by preventing a “high” from the drug.
- Research confirms that an herbal supplement, N-acetylcysteine (NAC), helps reduce cocaine cravings and may also be effective in treating heroin addiction.
- When used as a supplement to standard drug counseling, a computer program providing outpatient therapy proves helpful for addicts in becoming drug free.
- A California, USA study found that for every US$1 invested in drug treatment, US$7 was saved through reduced crime, health and welfare costs, and increased income stability.
- 60% of cocaine and heroin in the US is consumed by people who get arrested in the same year; thus, treatment that helps them to overcome drug addiction reduces crime and market demand for drugs.
- A doctor in Arizona, USA identified a new outpatient treatment for methamphetamine addicts, showing an over 60% success rate in rehabilitation.
- Since 1991, when substitution treatment became available for all heroin users in Zurich, Switzerland, the number of new addicts dropped greatly.
- Thirty percent of US inmates who were able to receive drug treatment while in prison remained drug free, with reduced likelihood of being arrested again.
- Seventy-six percent of people participating in both drug treatment programs in prison and post-prison treatment in the US remained drug-free, with increased rates of law-abiding citizenry.
- Twenty years of research in the US has demonstrated that drug treatment programs are effective in reducing crime, as well as improving the health and social function of participants.
- The Washington State Institute for Public Policy Research in the US finds that treatment programs for youth drug users are effective and can save the state between US$1,900 to US$31,200 per child.
- Drug-free workplace programs are found to result in:
- Lower absenteeism
- Fewer accidents
- Higher productivity
- Improved morale
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- Better employee health
- Decreased use of and expenses for health benefits
- Lower corporate insurance premium costs
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- The following response was rated as the best answer to a question posed on “Yahoo Ask” regarding the benefits of being drug-free:
- No fear of police
- No fear of needle-infected site on the body
- No fear of 'frying' the brain
- No fear of 'impaired' driving and thus accidents
- Delight in being free to observe the world (vision, touch, taste, speech or hearing) without compromised senses.
- Joy of being fully functional in a crisis or emergency
- Ability to tell others about the joys of a drug-free life
GOVERNMENT ACTIONS
- Through the use of satellite remote sensors, China has been able to remove virtually all opium plantations and heroin processing locations.
- New Zealand Police Association suggests parental approaches that may help children avoid involvement with drugs, such as:
- Providing constructive encouragement
- Talking and listening as a family
- Instilling values that promote inner self esteem
- For International Day Against Drug Abuse and Illicit Trafficking, Thailand, China, and Cambodia publicly incinerates illegal drugs.
- The United Kingdom government has implemented budget reforms to encourage drug users to attend rehabilitation courses.
- Pakistan and China work together to reduce drug trafficking between their borders.
- The Colombian Navy successfully intercepted 10 tons of cocaine and stopped it from being smuggled into the country by submarine.
- A three-year anti-drug campaign in China raises awareness and increases the number of people who remain drug-free.
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Tobak
SOME OF THE TRAGIC TOLLS OF TOBACCO:
-5.4 million smoking related deaths per year worldwide - Cost of smoking related illnesses: US$96 billion in the United States alone. - HEART DISEASE: Coronary Thrombosis, Cerebral Thrombosis, Kidney Failure - CANCER: Lung Cancer, Esophagus Cancer, Kidney Cancer, Bladder Cancer - CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE: Emphysema, Bronchitis - STROKE- ADDITIONAL HARMS FOR SECOND HAND SMOKING: - IMPOTENCESudden Infant Death Syndrome, Premature Deliveries, Cleft Lip or Palate, Childhood Asthma, Bronchitis, Ear Infection - PLUS MORE…
For help quitting, please visit the following websites:
PREPOVED KAJENJA REŠUJE ŽIVLJENJA
- A study by the PIRE Public Services Research Institute says that California’s current strict anti-smoking laws will have saved more than 50,000 lives by 2010.
- United Kingdom’s ban on smoking in public places reduces passive smoke effects, which are linked to loss of life for more than 11,000 people every year.
- Thanks to the country’s smoking ban, Wales expects to avert an estimated 400 premature deaths of non-smokers annually.
- Even people age 65 and over enjoy health benefits when they quit smoking, with overall mortality risk decreased by almost 20% and from lung cancer by 42%.
- More than 15,000 Scots quit the nicotine habit during the first year of the country’s smoking ban.
- 80% of Irish who have quit smoking since the ban say the smoking ban helped them; 88% said the ban helped them remain smoke-free.
- Less than two months into England’s smoking ban in public places, over half of smokers surveyed said that had cut down on the number of cigarettes smoked.
- In New Zealand, laws creating smoke free environments are achieving their goals of reducing dangers of second hand smoke and are expected to reduce health costs, work absenteeism, hospitalizations and tobacco-related deaths.
- In the US, the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration said that sales of tobacco to underage youth have reached all time lows in all 50 states.
- Following the ban on smoking in public places in England, the sales of cigarettes plummeted 11.6% in on month.
- USA’s New York Mayor Michael Bloomberg announced that teen smoking rates had decreased 50% over the last six years, eventually preventing 8,000 premature deaths.
- The number of young smokers aged 18 to 29 has fallen by 30% in Victoria, Australia, thanks to smoking bans in pubs and clubs.
- The USA’s New Jersey Smoke-free Air Act encourages smokers to quit as there is less opportunity and less temptation to smoke.
- Counseling and self-help programs that last for more than a month can help people with heart disease quit smoking, according to a review of published studies.
- Smoking rates in Japan have been declining since 1996, reaching an all time low this year.
- In the US, California’s anti-tobacco program has seen a 33% decline in smoking since the campaign began in 1988.
SMOKING BANS mean decreases in Acute Coronary Syndrome
- A study reported by the American Heart Association showed that heart attack rates in Pueblo, Colorado, USA declined 27% after a smoking ban in public places was enacted, while the neighboring county with no ban experienced no change in heart attack rates.
- Rome, Italy experienced an 11.2% decrease in acute coronary events in the first year after a smoking ban in public places went into effect.
- Just one year after the ban on public smoking went into effect in Ireland, the incidence of acute coronary syndrome went down 11%.
- The number of non-smokers to experience heart attacks reduced by more than two thirds after a smoking ban went into effect in Monroe County, Indiana, USA.
- Scientists at the University of Glasgow reported that heart attacks have dropped by 17% in Scotland since smoking was banned in public last year.
- Israeli researchers report that for people who are able to stop smoking, the increased risk of sudden cardiac death seems to disappear immediately.
- The Medical Research Council in Norfolk, UK shows that exercising, drinking less alcohol, eating plenty of fruits and vegetables, and not smoking can extend life expectancy by 14 years.
- The National Sanitary Institute in France announced a significant decrease in heart attack rates following the country’s smoking ban, with benefits also noted for decrease in second-hand smoke inhalation effects.
- New York, USA experienced an 8% decline in hospital admissions for acute myocardial infarction after a comprehensive smoking ban, which translates into healthcare savings of US$56 million in one year.
- Hospital admissions for acute heart attack in people under 60 fell by 11% in the Piedmont region of Italy after the introduction of a ban on smoking in indoor public places.
SMOKING BANS mean Better Health
- Data from the National Population Health Survey shows those who smoke have higher rates of chronic conditions such as bronchitis, asthma and high blood pressure.
- In a study by the European Institute of Oncology in Milan, Italy, smokers were twice as likely to develop polyps in the colon, especially those that are more likely to progress to cancer.
- Smokers and those exposed to second hand smoke develop colon cancer about 7 years earlier than nonsmokers.
- Women who smoke and have a specific genetic makeup are at significant risk for the development of breast cancer according to a study published by the journal Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers and Prevention
- Non-smokers have a higher chance of keeping their teeth into old age than those who smoke.
- To protect the health and safety of travelers, Bulgaria bans smoking on all trains.
- According to a recent US study, those who stop smoking experience increased deep sleep cycles, thus improving their sleep quality.
SMOKING BANS mean Healthier Children
- 700 million children - almost half the world's children - breathe air polluted by tobacco smoke.
- An authoritative study, published by Bristol University's Institute of Child Life and Health, says that the babies of women who smoke during pregnancy are 4 times as likely to suffer Sudden Infant Death Syndrome.
- A McMaster University Study correlates smoking during pregnancy and Sudden Infant Death Syndrome.
- Research from Michigan State University in the USA and The David Hide Asthma and Allergy Research Centre in the UK show that the smoking habits of mothers during pregnancy increase asthma risks in some children.
- A Yale University study shows that teenagers who smoke, or whose mothers smoked in pregnancy, have a higher risk of hearing problems and more trouble understanding what is being said.
- A California, USA study found that smoke toxins in cars can reach levels twice those previously believed and 60 times greater than those found in smoke-free homes. California has banned smoking in cars with children as passengers.
- Smoking and alcohol can damage sperm, passing on altered genes to babies.
- Dr. Shakira Franco Suglia of the Harvard School of Public Health reported that children living in neighborhoods with high levels of air pollution, or who were affected by parental smoking, scored lower on memory and intelligence tests than children living in places with clean air.
- Children regularly exposed to secondhand smoke have more than triple the risk of lung cancer as well as higher risks of other respiratory problems later in life.
SMOKING BANS means better Working Environments
- Within only two months of the smoking ban in Scotland, bar workers reported almost 33% less respiratory and other illnesses.
- Non-smoking barmen in Ireland reported statistically significant improvements in measured pulmonary function tests and significant reductions in self-reported symptoms.
- Restaurant workers exposed to tobacco smoke on the job were more likely to have a detectable level of the potent carcinogenic NNK than those who were not.
- Nonsmokers exposed to secondhand smoke have a 20% higher risk of lung cancer.
- The number of staff exposed to harmful levels of second hand smoke fell by 95% after the smoking ban in Scotland.
- A ban on smoking in public places in Ireland saw an 83% reduction in air pollution in pubs.
SMOKING BANS are Good for Business
- Since the public smoking ban in Great Britain, 70% of the businesses reported a neutral or positive effect.
- 59% of the South African restaurants surveyed reported no change in revenue as a result of the smoking ban, while 22% of restaurants reported an increase.
- In the five years since it has gone non-smoking, Aeroflot airline’s passenger flow increased by 15%, and in flights to the US, the increase was 25%.
- In his annual report, UK Chief Medical Officer Liam Donaldson said a public smoking ban would save an estimated £2.7 billion: £680 million saved by having a healthier and more efficient workforce; £140 million saved through fewer sick days; £430 million saved from productivity loss from smoking on the job; £100 million saved from clean up costs related to cigarette smoking.
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